The history of the origin of oikonyms in Kazakh language and their place in the national consciousness

Abstract

Toponym is a synonym of the word combination «geographical name», i.e. means the name of
any geographical object: ocean, continent, country, cities, rivers, ravines, hills, etc. Toponyms represent folk
culture and economy, traditions and customs as a cultural and historical heritage, preserved and transmitted
from generation to generation. The main factors characterizing consciousness and customs, relations between
peoples. There are several groups of toponyms and micro-toponyms. The interest in the history of place names
begins with the place of birth. Life develops in different ways, but the native village and its surroundings -
rivers, hills, roads, meadows - have left information about each of us in our memory. Later they will be able to
tell a lot about the inhabitants of these places because today they will tell about those who lived here before.
The article shows the history of the origin of some oikonim based on historical and cultural aspects, external
factors influencing them, and spiritual significance. In addition, the tales reflect the objects located on the
high, middle and low mountain plateau of the North-Kazakhstan region. The historical content of the names
- Akmola, Ekibastuz, Kalken, Lake Bukhpa, Kansyuek, Bayanaul, etc. is considered on the basis of the study.
Due to onomastic names are more complex symbols, it is not enough to consider them in terms of traditional
language. Because their content is associated with a wide range and many external factors. It is noted that
onomastics is not only the study of land and water objects, but also the future of our country and the education
of the younger generation.